健康应用数据为研究员带来机遇和障碍

Data from health apps offers opportunities and obstacles to researchers身体健康应用于数据为研究员带给机遇和障碍Researchers are eager to tap into the steadily expanding pool of health information collected from users by products like Fitbit, Clue, and the Apple Watch. But while these datasets could be a scientific treasure trove for scientists, they also pose ethical challenges that need to be addressed.研究员于是以急迫利用Fitbit、Clue和Apple Watch等身体健康应用于产品搜集到的大大稳定增长的用户身体健康信息。虽然这些数据库对科学家来说有可能是一份科学宝库，但同时，它们也带给了必须解决问题的道德挑战。

There are huge opportunities. I think thats the attraction, says Ida Sim, director of digital health for the Division of General Internal Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco. Sim explains that part of the appeal for scientists is that the apps and tech are designed to appeal to the general public. A commercial app or device with an easy, attractive interface is primed for long-term use by far more people than can usually be included in a research study. As opposed to a clunky research wristband, which is ugly, and people wont wear it, she says.“我们面对着极大机遇，我指出这是其特点之一，”坐落于旧金山的加利福尼亚大学内科综合部的数字身体健康主任艾达·西姆（Ida Sim）说。西姆说明道，应用于和科技目的顺应大众，这是更有科学家的地方。一个商业应用于或设备，其界面非常简单、有吸引力，已可以为大众长年服务，其服务人数比一项研究所牵涉到的受试者更加多。

“这与研究所牵涉到的既轻巧又不美观的表带忽略，没有人不愿带上这种表带，”她说。Researchers are taking advantage of the better design of their corporate counterparts, and in some cases, companies are especially eager to collaborate. This spring, the period tracking app Clue offered funds to researchers hoping to use Clue users cycle tracking data to answer scientific questions. The company had previously provided data to researchers who approached it directly, but the grants marked a formalization of their existing program.研究员于是以利用企业同行设计的更佳产品，在某些情况下，这些企业乐意合作。今年春天，经期追踪应用于Clue为研究员获取资助，这些研究员期望利用Clue用户的经期跟踪数据答案科学问题。

在此之前，该企业已向直接联系的研究员获取了数据，但这些经费标志着现有计划月实施。Its been an evolving conversation, says Amanda Shea, research collaborations manager at Clue. Our dataset is big enough now, and we have more of the proper protocols in place can ensure users arent at risk through data sharing, that we can more actively participate in research.“这是一场大大提高的对话，”Clue公司的研究合作经理阿曼达·西亚（Amanda Shea）说。“目前，我们的数据库已超过相当大的规模，更加多保证用户会因数据共享而面对风险，且Clue员工可以更加积极参与研究的协议也已所在之处。”Unlike academic researchers, app companies like Clue are explicitly designed and have the resources to collect and maintain large amounts of data. On the other hand, commercial apps usually arent designed for research, which demands predictable, transparently collected, and granular data. Sometimes, that means app-generated information is actually less useful to researchers, says Olivia Walch, a postdoctoral student studying mathematics and circadian rhythms at the University of Michigan.与学术研究员有所不同，像Clue这样的应用程序公司设计具体，且享有搜集和确保大量数据的资源。

另一方面，商业应用程序一般来说不是为研究而设计的，因为研究必须可预测，半透明搜集和细化的数据。有时，这意味著应用程序带给的信息实质上对研究员并无多大用处，密歇根大学数学和昼夜节律专业的博士后学生奥利维亚·瓦尔希（Olivia Walch）说。

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